Stop-and-Go Waves: A Microscopic and a Macroscopic Description

Abstract

In this paper we investigate a typical phenomenon of congested traffic: the stop-and-go waves. Since modelling properly this phenomenon is crucial for developing techniques aimed at reducing it, we present two different models: a microscopic and a macroscopic one, both of them able to reproduce stop-and-go waves. In the former, vehicles’ dynamics are described by a second-order microscopic Follow-the-Leader model, which is calibrated and validated by real measurements. Data are analysed and compared with the numerical solutions computed by the microscopic model. The latter provides a description of traffic dynamic via the macroscopic second-order CGARZ model. With the numerical implementation, by means of the 2CTM scheme, we test the ability of the model of capturing stop-and-go waves.