Target Tracking Algorithm for Table Tennis Using Machine Vision

Abstract

The current table tennis robot system has two common problems. One is the table tennis ball speed, which moves fast, and it is difficult for the robot to react in a short time. The second is that the robot cannot recognize the type of the ball's movement, i.e., rotation, top rotation, no rotation, wait, etc. It is impossible to judge whether the ball is rotating and the direction of rotation, resulting in a single return strategy of the robot with poor adaptability. In this paper, these problems are solved by proposing a target trajectory tracking algorithm for table tennis using machine vision combined with Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG). Real human-machine game's data are obtained in the proposed algorithm by extracting ten continuous position information and speed information frames for feature selection. These features are used as input data for the deep neural network and then are normalized to create a deep neural network algorithm model. The model is trained by the position information of the successive 20 frames. During the initial sets of experiments, we found the shortcomings of the original SCG algorithm. By setting the accuracy threshold and offline learning of historical data and saving the hidden layer weight matrix, the SCG algorithm was improved. Finally, experiments verify the improved algorithm's feasibility and applicability and show that the proposed algorithm is more suitable for table tennis robots.