Monitoring RhoGDI extraction of lipid-modified Rho GTPases from membranes using click chemistry

Abstract

The posttranslational lipid modification of Rho GTPases is important for their proper subcellular localization and signal transduction. Rho GTPases terminate in a CaaX motif, in which the cysteine residue is modified with either a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl isoprenoid. RhoGDI renders Rho GTPases soluble by masking their lipid moieties. We recently identified that the brain-specific splice variant of Cdc42 (bCdc42) containing a noncanonical CCaX motif harbors a dual prenyl–palmitoyl modification that prevents its binding to RhoGDI. This chapter describes a method to analyze RhoGDI extraction of Rho GTPases containing different lipid modifications from membranes using a liposome reconstitution assay and click chemistry.