The evolution and spatial dynamics of coworking spaces in Lisbon: a qualitative analysis

Abstract

This article examines the emergence, historical evolution, and spatial dynamics of coworking spaces (CWS) in Lisbon, Portugal, as part of a broader investigation into new working spaces in diverse geographies. The study explores the development and deployment of CWS within city development and planning, looking in particular at local government strategy focused on innovation and entrepreneurship and at private initiatives. The research questions guiding the study are: (i) What are the key phases and critical moments in the development of CWS in Lisbon, and how have they influenced the current landscape in terms of distribution and sectors of CWS in the city? (ii) How have local government strategies and private initiatives influenced the development, location, and resilience of CWS in Lisbon, taking into consideration the impact of global events such as the 2008 economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic? The methodology employed involves qualitative content analysis of articles, policy and planning documents, as well as semi-structured interviews with key informants, experts, and coworking operators. Site visits to CWS in Lisbon were also conducted. Additionally, a georeferenced database of CWS was built to allow spatial analysis of their development and distribution across the city. The findings demonstrate that CWS in Lisbon have experienced significant growth since the economic crisis, resulting in diverse spaces, operators, sectors, and practices. Local government strategies have a major role in their development by fostering a creative and entrepreneurial ecosystem which involve collaborations among public and private entities. CWS are mainly located in areas with high demand for office spaces near transportation hubs. However, CWS oriented towards cultural and creative activities tend to be found in undergoing regeneration areas. Further studies are needed to fully comprehend the evolving practices and their long-term impacts on the local context and to explore other variables and realities. The results of this study aim to contribute to a better understanding of development and location factors of CWS on specific urban areas, providing insights for urban planning and development.