Efecto de una intervención educativa a padres de niños asmáticos en la adherencia al tratamiento

Abstract

Objective: To assess the impact of an educational intervention on parents of asthmatic children, on the knowledge of the disease and in adherence to treatment. Material and methods: A quasi-experimental study was carried out in a university hospital in Cuba from 2017 to 2019; 202 parents of pediatric patients with asthma were included. Through questionnaires, knowledge and therapeutic adherence were evaluated before and after an educational program. The intervention consisted of five one-hour meetings, where information was provided regarding asthma, its medications (route of administration and duration of the treatment), as well as the consequences of non-compliance. Results: Overall, the intervention was beneficial: before the intervention 34.1% of the parents showed sufficient knowledge about the disease and, after the intervention, the percentage increased to 85.6%. While, after the intervention, the frequency of poor adherence to treatment decreased, from 73.7% to 11.4%. Conclusions: An educational intervention improved the parents' level of knowledge about asthma, as well as adherence to treatment.