Teaching 4.0 competency in higher learning institutions: A systematic mapping review

Abstract

Technology 4.0 has forced the education system to undergo a huge transformation by changing teaching and learning methods. Teaching 4.0 requires teachers to apply varieties of technology used in the teaching and learning process to make it more appealing to new millennials. However, the response to this change has been relatively slow. Consequently, the preparation of effective teaching methods and strategies from educators that can benefit students through learning from differentiated learning styles. Thus, the aim of this study is to collect and extract information from the literature in searching for the research gap, and analyse the most significant studies on the teaching of 4.0 competency in a Higher Learning Institution. The searching process will focus on papers published in journals or presented at specialised international conferences from 2015 until 2021 using a systematic mapping review (SMR). A total of 380 relevant research papers from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholars online databases and grey literature were retrieved. Nine final papers were selected in the study. Results from the review showed that the predefined requirement criteria for Teaching 4.0 competencies were not all satisfied in literature. There are limited studies on the Teaching 4.0 competency. Thus, a conceptual framework of measurement for Teaching 4.0 competencies should be developed. It could act as a solution by providing a comprehensive competency measurement and to determine relevant 4.0 competency among Higher Learning Institution educators.