Valoración nutricional y productiva de diferentes granos de cereales germinados

Abstract

The biomass yield, nutritional composition and content of secondary metabolites in grain and germinated cereals were evaluated. The treatments were: T1 yellow maize; T2 white corn; T3 capio corn; Barley T4; T5 galeras wheat; T6 sumatambo wheat and T7 oat. The yield of biomass, protein and energy was obtained by weighing the grain before and after the germination, as well as the content of phenols, saponins, alkaloids and steroids. Analysis of variance and comparison of means were performed using Duncan’s test. The results obtained for biomass production indicated differences (p <0.05). T7 presented the highest fresh yield with 236.34%, and the values for the remaining treatments ranged between 170.80 and 218.65%. On dry basis T7 presented the highest (p <0.05) yield with 119.86%, while the lowest was registered in T4 with 70.6%. There were differences (p <0.05) recorded for proteins. In fresh germinated grains this component varied between 4.29% and 5.72%, on a dry basis it fluctuated between 9.79% and 13.4%. In the grain, the values ranged from 6.96% to 9.14% indicating an increase in germination with respect to the dry grain that had values ranging from 8 to 10.5%. A higher protein yield was obtained in fresh germination of T3, while it was lower in T4. There were differences (p <0.05) in the energy content of germinated grains, obtaining 81% in T7 to 95% of NDT in T2 and T3. The values in grains ranged from 78% for T4 to 85% of NDT on T7. Positive energy yields were observed in all the treatments, except for T4.