Energy storage capacity allocation for distribution grid applications considering the influence of ambient temperature

Abstract

Modern distribution networks have an urgent need to increase the accommodation level of renewable energies facilitated by configuring battery energy storage systems (BESSs). In view of the contradictions of BESS capacity, cost, life, and operation environment, an optimal capacity allocation algorithm of BESS in modern distribution networks considering the ambient temperature has been proposed from the perspective of the life cycle cost-benefit optimisation. First, a refined BESS model under the influence of the ambient temperature has been established to accurately track life degradation and charging-discharging efficiencies. Subsequently, an electric vehicle (EV) charging load forecasting model that considers the influence of travel characteristics, traffic congestion and environmental factors has been established. Finally, a bi-level BESS optimisation algorithm has been proposed to maximise the system benefits on the EV charging station side and the grid side, and the marginal ageing cost has been considered while optimising the charging and discharging strategies of BESS, to achieve the best cost-benefit of BESS throughout the life cycle. The simulation results verify the effectiveness and economy of the proposed configuration schemes and operation strategies under different seasons.