Phytochemical, GC-MS Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of the Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Cassia siamea (Fabaceae)

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Cassia siamea widely distributed in the southern and northern parts of Nigeria is extensively used in folkloric medicine for the treatment of urinogenitory disorders, herpes, rhinitis, constipation, diabetes, insomnia, hypertension, asthma, typhoid fever, microbial infections among others. The study was aimed to screen the antimicrobial potency ofthe methanol stem bark ext. of C. siamea as well established the phytoconstituents responsible for such activity. Materials and Methods: This study was evaluated the phytochem., antimicrobial effects as well as the GC-MS anal. of Cassia siamea stem bark extd. with abs. methanol using cold maceration method for 72 h. Results: The ext. showed promising antibacterial activity against all the tested pathogens namely Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoneae, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sp, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The best activity was recorded for the gram neg. strain of E. coli with a zone of inhibition (mm) of 16.77+0.22 while the Ieastactivitywas recorded for the gram pos. strain of S. aureus with a zone of inhibition (mm) of(11.16+0.12) at the highest investigated concn. of 100 mg mL-1 . The GC-MS anal. confirmed the occurrence ofa total 23 phytocompounds in the methanol ext. Conclusion: The stem bark ext. has varying degree of antimicrobial potential ranging from mild to high activity correlated by the presence of selected bioactive compds. [on SciFinder(R)]