Vertex dependent dynamic response of a connected Kagome artificial spin ice

Abstract

We present experimental and numerical results for the dynamic response of a connected Kagome artificial spin ice. We explicitly consider the effect of the vertex magnetization configuration on the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) mode characteristics using micromagnetic simulations. We show that the bulk mode frequencies of each single-domain thin-film segment not only depend on the direction of the segment's easy-axes with respect to the applied magnetic field but also depend on the vertex magnetization configurations of nearby vertices. Therefore, the FMR modes can be controlled by altering the vertex magnetization texture. Moreover, we distinguish between vertex center modes (VCMs) and localized domain wall (LDW) modes. We show that the LDW mode evolves during the nucleation process of domain walls and that VCMs and LDW modes can be controlled using specific field protocols, which have important implications for future design of magnonic and spintronic devices.