El tjue como actor de la constitucionalidad en el Espacio jurídico Europeo: La importancia del diálogo judicial leal con los tribunales constitucionales y con el TEDH

Abstract

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has played a significant role as a constitutional actor in the European legal space. It has decisively contributed to outline a new multilevel legal order, based on supranationality and with unmistakably federal elements unparalleled in the international community. The CJEU has been, thus, the driving forcé behind the increasing process of European constitutionalisation. In this new European constitutional space a kind of constitutional judicial triangle has been created, which is integrated by the CJEU, the national Constitutional courts and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). In this space, the judicial dialogue among the three vértex of this triangle is a sine qua non condition for a harmonic functioning of the system. In practice, the dialogue between the CJEU and the Constitutional courts has been reasonably solved, although nowadays certain problems pertaining to the control of ultra vires acts of the Union by the domestic Constitutional courts have emerged. The same can be said about the complicated realization of the notion of 'constitutional identity' as a limit to the actions of the Union. On the other hand, the dialogue between the CJEU and the ECtHR has been impacted by the objectionable decisión of the CJEU regarding the EU's accession to the ECHR.