Kinematics of flow on steep slopes

Abstract

Small scale two-dimensional hydraulic model tests with regular waves on steep impervious smooth structure slopes of 2/3, 1/2 and 1/3 showed that, maximum impact, drag and lift forces on such slopes occurs under a specific flow kinematics when a deep run-down following a high run-up is interacted with an incoming plunging/collapsing breaker. This critical flow occurs at a surf similarity parameter of between 2.5 and 3.5. The kinematics of flow at this critical flow condition together with its probability of occurrence is most interesting during the design of dike or rubble mound slopes. (A)