The Role of Hsps in Neuronal Differentiation and Development

Abstract

Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are expressed during development of the nervous system in a temporally and spatially controlled pattern that does not appear to be linked to activation of heat shock transcription factors. The distinct patterns of Hsp expression suggest that they perform unique roles during development and neuronal differentiation. Studies indicate that these proteins can inhibit programmed cell death, regulate cytoskeletal dynamics during neurite outgrowth and axon pathfinding, as well as interact with and regulate intracellular signaling molecules that are involved in neuronal differentiation. Overall, through their involvement in these various processes, expression of Hsps favours neuronal differentiation and survival and, as such, Hsps are emerging as important regulators of the delicate balance between cell death and survival/differentiation during development of the nervous system.