Briófitas do arboreto do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

A floristic study of the bryophytes was carried out in the park of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden. Ninety eight taxa of bryophytes were found (1 anthocerote, 40 hepatics and 57 mosses), in 61 genera and 37 families, predominating more mosses (58%) than hepatics (41%). Six life-forms were found (cushion, pendent, thallose, carpet, mat, turf), the most common are turf, carpet, and mat (85%). Five kinds of substrates were colonized (corticolous, epiphyllous, epixylous, saxicolous, terricolous), predominating the corticicolous (36%). Seven distribution patterns were characterized (Cosmopolitan, Pantropical, Neotropical and Africa, Tropical and Subtropical America, Neotropical, Disjunct, and restrict to Brazil), the most common being Neotropical (46%).Bryum pseudocapillare, Calymperes tenerum, Ceratolejeunea laetefusca, Cololejeunea minutissima subsp. myriocarpa and Fissidens submarginatus are new records to Rio de Janeiro. Bryum pseudocapillare, Bryum renauldii, and Calymperes tenerum are recorded by the second time to Brazil. The data were compared to those found in other Botanical Gardens and in lowland atlantic rainforest. The results are similar to those found in secondary lowland rainforests or in urban areas, that are dry and open areas, suffering directly influence of the air pollution, high temperatures and light intensities.