Análise da produção científica sobre a violência no trabalho em serviços hospitalares

Abstract

Background: Health professionals are the most affected by workplace violence. Despite the availability of studies in the literature, the information is still insufficient to elucidate this problem. Aim: To analyze the national and international scientific literature about workplace violence in hospitals. Methods: Integrative literature review of national and international studies published from 2006 to 2015 in Portuguese, English or Spanish included in databases LILACS, SciELO, BVS and IBECS based on the use of controlled keywords. Results: Te prevalence of violence among professionals ranged from 58.2% to 88.9%, verbal aggression affected 100% of workers in two studies, being the most frequently type of aggression mentioned in qualitative studies. Patients and visitors were the perpetrators of violence in respectively 93.5% and 87% of cases; they were singled out as the main aggressors in qualitative studies. Te main factors associated with workplace violence were gender (females were most often the victims of aggression), young age, nurse category, short professional experience, working in the emergency sector, overload of work, insufficient number of professionals, inadequate physical space, lack of training to deal with situations of violence, miscommunication, difficulty in access to health services and long wait at the service. Conclusion: Violence in the health area is a growing and worrisome phenomenon, which impairs the care provided to patients and is a cause of illness and disability for workers. Tese facts call the atention to the need to implement new practices in the work routine, including strategies to approach this problem.