BRONCHIOLITIS IN CHILDREN

Abstract

Bronchiolitis is a common infection of early childhood. Diagnosis is based on history and physical examination. Most children with bronchiolitis can be treated as outpatients. Bronchiolitis can have a severe course, so regular assessment of the child’s clinical condition is necessary, as the dynamics of the disease can change rapidly. Children at risk of severe respiratory infections deserve special attention. Assessment of the child’s general condition and blood oxygen saturation (O2) level are important in determining the need for hospitalisation. Laboratory and radiological investigations should not be recommended routinely, but only to exclude other diseases and/or complications. Targeted treatment is not available, therefore treating bronchiolitis includes general supportive care. Bronchodilators, steroids and antibiotics should not be used routinely. In infants who are at increased risk of complications due to infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), immunoprophylaxis is available and recommended.