Male genital system

Abstract

Cancer surgery of the male genital system has changed dramatically over the last decade. With increasing comfort and advancements in laparoscopy, urologic oncology has seen that a majority of intra-abdominal and retroperitoneal surgeries are performed skillfully in a minimally invasive fashion. Robotics has recently filtered into the urologic world by offering the advantages of three-dimensional and high-definition endoscopic acuity, dissection and reconstruction. Excluding skin cancer, prostate cancer continues to be the most common malignancy amongst men and the second leading cause of cancer related death in men, in the United States. Testis cancer incidence is slowly rising, may be contributed to by environmental causes such as pesticide exposure. Penile cancer has been, and remains a very rare entity in the United States. © 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.