How are you getting by? Coping in developmental coordination disorder versus attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Abstract

Objective: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) persist into adulthood; however, little research exists to describe how adults with DCD and/or ADHD cope with their symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate coping mechanisms reported by adults with DCD, ADHD, or both conditions. We expected there would be strategies specific to each condition and a broader scope of mechanisms reported by those with co-occurring DCD+ADHD. Method: N = 161 participants completed the online survey, including n = 31 with DCD only, n = 116 with ADHD only, and n = 14 with DCD+ADHD. Results: Most participants reported adaptive strategies. Of these, behavioral adaptations were most relevant to ADHD, while environmental modifications were common in DCD. Cognitive reframing and social support were similarly relevant to those with DCD and DCD+ADHD. Coping strategy categories were most uniform for the DCD+ADHD group. Conclusions: Coping profiles highlight several noteworthy differences between DCD and ADHD which may be relevant for treatment.