Depresión y ansiedad en mujeres histerectomizadas no oncológicas posterior a la cirugía

Abstract

Introduction and objective: Hysterectomy is the second most frequent gynecological surgery, after caesarean section, affecting an important percentage of the female population, with a great emotional impact. The objective of this review is to describe the psychiatric consequences and their predisposing factors in non-oncological hysterectomized women after surgery. Material and methods: Research was included in English, Spanish and Portuguese, with a maximum of 15 years old. We excluded investigations carried out in oncological hysterectomized women and/or with psychiatric antecedents prior to surgery. Results: After hysterectomy due to benign cause, depressive and/or anxious disorders appear in women at varied frequencies. In the immediate postoperative period of the hysterectomy, prevalences of up to 84% are reported for depression and up to 92% for anxiety, respectively. As for the factors that predispose to the incidence of these problems, they are found; parity related to the number of children conceived and the desire to have more children, nulliparity, age, lack of information and education prior to surgery, loneliness and poor family support, myths and social beliefs about the procedure, among others. Conclusions: The social meaning of the uterus and the judgment of the hysterectomized woman are relevant factors in the appearance of depressive and/or anxious disorders. The importance of education is essential for effective coping by women in this procedure.