Purpose: During the past decades, PD-1/PD-L1 axis blockade has become a remarkable promising therapy which has exerted durable anti-tumor effect and long-term remissions on part of cancers. However, there are still some patients which do not show good response to the PD-1/PD-L1 targeted monotherapy. Till now, the widely accepted anti-tumor mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade is rejuvenating T cells, there is lack of studies which focus on other components of the tumor environment in the treatment of cancer with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, especially the complicated relationship between macrophages and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway during the progression and treatment of cancer. Methods: The relevant literatures from PubMed have been reviewed in this article. Results: Even though the widely accepted anti-tumor mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy is rejuvenating T cells, latest studies have demonstrated the complicated relationship between macrophages and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway during the progression and treatment of cancer and their engagement has serious implications for the therapeutic effect of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade agents. We focus on the dual regulation mechanisms between PD-1/PD-L1 axis and macrophages, and further clarify the mechanisms of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors related with macrophages. Conclusion: The combination of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and macrophage-targeted therapy will exert synergetic anti-tumor effect and shape the future of cancer immunology and immunotherapy.
CITATION STYLE
Cai, J., Qi, Q., Qian, X., Han, J., Zhu, X., Zhang, Q., & Xia, R. (2019, June 1). The role of PD-1/PD-L1 axis and macrophage in the progression and treatment of cancer. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-019-02879-2
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