Background: Galectin 3 (Gal-3) reflects cardiac fibrosis in heart failure HF, but has also been associated to renal fibrosis and impaired renal function. Previous research has suggested that Gal-3 could be a cardio-renal biomarker, but it has never been tested simultaneous in a single study whether Gal-3 reflects echocardiographic measures, neurohumoral activity and renal function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between plasma concentrations of Gal-3 and neurohumoral activity, myocardial and renal function in patients with HF, including advanced echocardiographic measures and 24-h urinary albumin excretion (albuminuria). Methods: We prospectively enrolled 132 patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) referred to an outpatient HF clinic. The patients had a median age of 70 years (interquartile rage: 64-75), 26.5 % were female, median LVEF was 33 % (27-39 %) and 30 % were in NYHA class III-IV. Results: Patients with plasma concentrations of Gal-3 above the median had significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and this association remained significant in multivariate regression analysis (β: -0.010; 95 % CI -0.012--0.008; P < 0.001), adjusted for age, gender, medical treatment. Plasma concentrations of Gal-3 were not associated with albuminuria (Beta: 0.008; 95 % CI:-0.028-0.045; P = 0.652). There were no association between plasma concentrations of Gal-3 and myocardial function or structure estimated by LVEF, LVmassIndex, LVIDd, E/é or LV global longitudinal strain (P > 0.05 for all). In multivariate analyses plasma concentrations of Gal-3 were significantly associated with the cardiac biomarkers: NT-proBNP (β: 0.047; 95 % CI: 0.008-0.086; P = 0.020), proANP (β: 0.137; 95 % CI: 0.067-0.207; P < 0.001), chromogranin A (β: 0.123; 95 % CI: 0.052-0.194; P < 0.001) and Copeptin (β: 0.080; 95 % CI: 0.000-0.160; P = 0.049). Multivariate analysis was adjusted for eGFR, age, gender and medical treatment. Conclusions: Increased plasma concentrations of Gal-3 are associated with reduced eGFR and increased plasma concentrations of NT-proBNP, proANP, chromogranin A and Copeptin, but not with echocardiographic parameters reflecting myocardial function. These results suggest that Gal-3 reflects both increased neurohumoral activity and reduced eGFR, but not myocardial function in patients with systolic HF.
CITATION STYLE
Gaborit, F. S., Bosselmann, H., Kistorp, C., Iversen, K., Kumler, T., Gustafsson, F., … Schou, M. (2016). Galectin 3: Association to neurohumoral activity, echocardiographic parameters and renal function in outpatients with heart failure. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-016-0290-7
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