Ameliorative Effects of Spirulina platensis and Ulva sp. on Biochemical Aspects and Residues of Lambda-Cyhalothrin in the Water of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

This study was designed to assess the ameliorative effects of Spirulina platensis (SP) and Ulva sp. (US), as feed additives into a fish commercial feed, for reducing pesticide lambda cyhalothrin-residues in water and fish muscles. In the present experiment, the concentration tested was 2.325 μg/l as 1/10 of the determined LC 50-96 hours was used for 28 days. The experimental design represents 6 groups: group 1 was control (cont.), group 2 was treatment with lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) and two algae species with two concentrations each (5% and 10% of diet + lambda-cyhalothrin) are the other four groups. After the experimental period, serum biochemical tests (Glucose, Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin, AST, ALT, Urea, Creatinine and lipid profile) were determined. All biochemical analysis showed significantly varied in-between treatment except urea levels, while, these parameters were in normal rang in fish groups fed by both concentrations of SP and US. The residue levels of lambda-cyhalothrin in water samples were decrease in 10% concentration compared with 5% concentration in both algae. SP and US with two concentrations can efficiently remove lambda-cyhalothrin residues in fish muscles. Water quality (temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH) were no significant differences between all treatments from the beginning till the end of the experimental period. Conclusion: Spirulina platensis and Ulva sp have a big role in the reduction in the effect of lambda-cyhalothrin on fish and the improvement of water quality.