Curcumin enhances bortezomib treatment of myeloma by inhibiting heat shock protein 90 expression

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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate whether curcumin augments bortezomib-induced apoptosis in myeloma cells (MM1.R line), and to explore the molecular mechanism with regard to heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression. Methods: MTT cell viability assay was used to assess growth inhibition of MM1.R cells at different concentrations of curcumin alone and also combined with 0.01 mM bortezomib. Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) labeling were used to detect apoptosis. Caspase 3, caspase 9, NF-κB, and HSP 90 protein expression were measured by Western blotting. Results: Curcumin alone inhibited MM1.R cell growth and increased apoptosis in a concentrationdependent manner. When curcumin was combined with low concentration (0.01 mM) bortezomib, both effects(viability inhibition and apoptosis induction increased (p < 0.05), whereas bortezomib alone had no effect (p > 0.05). Western blotting revealed that for curcumin and combined treatments, expression of the apoptotic markers, caspase 3 and caspase 9, increased while expression of NF-κB and HSP 90 decreased (p < 0.05). Again, low concentration bortezomib alone had no effect, whereas the combined treatment showed the largest effect, thus suggesting that the actions of curcumin and bortezomib are synergistic. Conclusion: Curcumin increased MM1.R cell sensitivity to bortezomib, which may be due to suppression of NF-κB and HSP90 activity.

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Fang, B. M., Jiang, J. H., Zhang, X. W., Fan, J., Li, S. S., & Tong, X. M. (2015). Curcumin enhances bortezomib treatment of myeloma by inhibiting heat shock protein 90 expression. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 14(2), 227–233. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v14i2.6

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