Lunar Glasses

Abstract

(2 Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory，Dongguan 523808，China) 摘 要 玻璃是月壤的重要组成部分，由月球上火山喷发、陨石撞击和太阳风及宇宙 高能射线辐照等一系列非平衡过程产生。玻璃可以在月球严苛的环境中长时间稳定存在，就 像一帧帧的摄影快照一样记录着月球亿万年间的重要历史信息，涉及到月球的起源与演化、 月球上水和气体的来源与分布、太阳系内的撞击历史和太空风化等重大科学问题。玻璃还能 够长期保存各种月球物质，如太阳风注入的 3 He、反应生成的水和纳米铁等，影响着月球资 源的利用和遥感观测。文章通过对嫦娥五号月壤玻璃的研究，阐述了各种月球玻璃的特征和 形成机制，以及不同玻璃可能记录的月球历史信息。月球玻璃的研究也将为未来的星际探索 提供宝贵的知识，并且帮助人们设计和制备新型的玻璃材料。 关键词 玻璃，月球玻璃，嫦娥五号 Abstract Glass is an important component of lunar soil produced by a series of non-equilibrium processes on the Moon, including volcanic eruptions, meteorite impacts, and solar wind and cosmic ray irradiations. Glasses can exist stably for a long geologic time in the Moon' s harsh environment. They can therefore act as snapshots of their formation processes to record billions of years of historical information of the Moon, concerning the formation and evolution of the Moon, the source and distribution of lunar water/gases, the impact history of our solar system and the space weathering. Glasses can also preserve various lunar materials for an extremely long time, such as 3 He implanted by solar wind, reaction-generated water and nanophase iron particles, which affect the utilization of lunar resources and remote-sensing observations. Based on detailed studies of diverse glasses in Chang' e-5 lunar samples, this paper describes the characteristics and formation mechanisms of various lunar glasses, and the unique role of each kind of glasses in recording the Moon' s history. The studies of lunar glasses could also provide valuable insights into future interstellar exploration, as well as the design and preparation of novel glass materials.