Diabetes mellitus and chronic kideny disease: Modem diagnostics and treatment

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) -is a leading cause of terminal renal failure in the developed countries. Kidney pathology development undergoes several stages - from preclinical structural changes in the first yean of the disease to diffiise or nodular glomerulosclerosis 15-20 years after the diabetes onset. Microalbuminuria is an early marker of DN. Intensive treatment ofDN at the stage of microalbuminuria leads to regress and remission of lab parameters of DN in 40 - 50 % of patients after 2 years of treatment. Prognostic factors of DN remission are: tight glycaemla control, arterial hypertension control, especially while treated with renin-angiotensin blockers. Regress of structural changes of kidney tissue In a diabetic patient is possible only after a long-term (>10yn) nomoglycaemla maintenance.