Optimization and evaluation of topical ketoconazole nanoemulsion

Abstract

Objective: The present study is to formulate and optimization of surfactant, cosurfactant, and oil of ketoconazole nanoemulsion. Methods: Ketoconazole was dissolved in surfactant, cosurfactant, and oil until saturated, clear solution extracted with methanol, its absorbance was measured using a UV spectrophotometer at 243 nm. Comparisons of surfactants, cosurfactants, and oils are variously varied. Formulation method was performed using spontaneous nanoemulsion method. Results: Surfactants, cosurfactants, and oils used for the nanoemulsion formula are tween 80, ethanol, and isopropyl myristate (IPM). Formulation of ketoconazole nanoemulsion with comparison of tween 80 concentration with ethanol (smix) 4:1 and smix with oil 9:1 was found that the formulae F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, and F7 are unstable and the formulae F8, F9, F10, F11, and F12 are stable at the period of manufacture. The best physical stability tests from F8, F9, F10, F11, and F12 are F10. Conclusions: Optimization of ketoconazole nanoemulsion formula was obtained at Tween 80, 36% concentration, 9% ethanol, and IPM 5%.