Neuroanatomical atlas of key presurgical and cognitive eloquent cortex regions

Abstract

In this chapter, we have displayed several important areas of normal functioning adult brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging. These images may serve as a reference or template for users of fMRI for brain mapping. The fMR images shown here highlight areas of brain activation arising from simple motor, language, visual, auditory tasks, and cognitive paradigms. An illustration of the key clinical Brodmann areas and corresponding neuroanatomical correlates is presented. Basic functional descriptions of these areas are also included. A somatotopic fMRI mapping of the human motor cortex was created for the tongue, face, hand, wrist, trunk, and foot. A review of the basic functional role of these cortices and potential clinical deficits are also presented.