Acúmulo de nutrientes e tempo de decomposição da palhada de espécies forrageiras em função de épocas de semeadura

Abstract

© 2015 Universidade Federal de Uberlandia. All rights reserved. In order to identify the productive potential of the forages Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br and Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés due to sowing times, as well as the subsequent formation of straw for no tillage system continuity, evaluated the dry mass production, the relation of C/N and lignin/N total, the nutrients accumulation and straw decomposition in two agricultural seasons. The experiment was conducted in Selvíria - MS (20° 18' S and 51° 22' W, with an altitude of 370 m), in a Dark Red Dystrophic Latosol. A randomized block design was adopted in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme consisting of three species of forage plants: sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br) and grass xaraés (Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés) and three sowing times (1st season - 09.14.09 (E1), 2nd season - 09.29.09 (E2) and 3rd season - 10.14.09 (E3), managed 45 days after emergence - DAE), with 4 replications. For the second growing season (2010/2011), was used the same forages species and experimental design, with the following sowing times: 1st season - 09.10.10 (E1), 2nd season - 09.27.10 (E2) and 3rd season - 10.20.10 (E3), respectively. The highest yield dry mass and nutrient accumulation were obtained by the forage sorghum culture in the three sowing times. The forage sorghum culture presented the highest values of C/N and lignin/N total, mainly in the 2nd and 3rd seasons, in both years, providing less straw degradation compared to pearl millet and xaraés grass. The straw decomposition was slower for the forage sorghum and pearl millet. Regardless of forage species and sowing time, the initial dry mass deposition of forage species were suitable for these species in the no tillage system, in climatic conditions of of low altitude cerrado.