The Social Psychology of Inequality at Work: Individual, Group, and Organizational Dimensions

Abstract

We address both the macro and the micro levels that affect inequality among workers. At the macro level, we consider class, racial/ethnic, and gender inequality, job segregation, anti-discrimination legislation, affirmative action, and differences in authority. We also consider differential access to the power and resources that enable some workers to better position themselves for both skill development and rewards. In this regard, we discuss social capital and opportunity hoarding. At the micro level, we discuss several key theories that have been used to explain intergroup inequality, including status construction theory, social identity theory, social dominance theory, and a relational view of group inequality. We close this section by highlighting the challenges these processes create for low status workers, especially in the context of long term inequality. We further explore the psychological challenges for working class and low status workers by reviewing the literature on alienation. We also discuss the extensive literature on workers’ attitudes and inequality, including life satisfaction and happiness, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Finally, we address the effects of under employment and unemployment. This chapter brings a critical lens to the study of the social psychology of inequality among workers.