Application of polymeric nanoparticles in oral delivery of recombinant human erythropoietin: A review

Abstract

Recombinant Human Erythropoietin drugs are known as erythropoietin stimulating agents which stimulate the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells in the body. It is used an antianemic in the treatment of renal anemia and chemotherapy induced anemia. It also use in treatment of HIV, cerebral malaria and neurological disease like schizophrenia. The recombinant human erythropoietin dosage form currently available in the market is parenteral dosage form that is ready for injection liquid vial (syringe), which is usually administered 2-3 times weekly. To achieve a therapeutic effect of parenterally administered EPO, cumulative doses are required that significantly exceed levels of endogenous EPO. These high serum levels result in prolonged circulation times of EPO and unspecific binding to non-targeted tissue, which may lead to severe undesired side effects i.e. growth of tumor and also increased risk of death. By using the nanotechnology, side effects and toxicity related to high dose of erythropoietin should be reduces and prolong drug release. this will achieve by reducing administration frequency and lowering dosage of erythropoietin. Keywords: Recombinant Human Erythropoietin, Nanoparticle, Prolong drug release, Anemia