Cardiac expression of kinase-deficient 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase inhibits glycolysis, promotes hypertrophy, impairs myocyte function, and reduces insulin sensitivity

Abstract

Glycolysis is important to cardiac metabolism and reduced glycolysis may contribute to diabetic cardiomyopathy. To understand its role independent of diabetes or hypoxic injury, we modulated glycolysis by cardiac-specific overexpression of kinase-deficient 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6- bisphosphatase (kd-PFK-2). PFK-2 controls the level of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2), an important regulator of glycolysis. Transgenic mice had over 2-fold reduced levels of Fru-2,6-P2. Heart weight/body weight ratio indicated mild hypertrophy. Sirius red staining for collagen was significantly increased. We observed a 2-fold elevation in glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate levels, whereas fructose 1,6-bisphosphate was reduced 2-fold. Pathways branching off of glycolysis above phosphofructokinase were activated as indicated by over 2-fold elevated UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and glycogen. The kd-PFK-2 transgene significantly inhibited glycolysis in perfused hearts. Insulin stimulation of metabolism and Akt phosphorylation were sharply reduced. In addition, contractility of isolated cardiomyocytes was impaired during basal and hypoxic incubations. The present study shows that cardiac overexpression of kinase-deficient PFK-2 reduces cardiac glycolysis that produced negative consequences to the heart including hypertrophy, fibrosis, and reduced cardiomyocyte function. In addition, metabolic and signaling responses to insulin were significantly decreased.