A Modern Review of Diabetes Mellitus: An Annihilatory Metabolic Disorder

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder occurs due to metabolic problems is most frequent globally. The main indication of diabetes mellitus is a hyperglycemia in blood which is due to inappropriate pancreatic insulin secretion or low insulin-directed fostering of glucose by target cells. Diabetes mellitus can be assorted into several types but the two major types are type 1 and type 2. For type 1 diabetes patients Insulin renewal therapy is the backbone, for patient with type 2 diabetes there must be a control diet and lifestyle modification. In type 2 Insulin is vital when blood glucose are unable to control by nutritional therapy, physical activity and other medication. For the cure of type 2 DM oral hypoglycemic agents are preferred. In type 1 novel approaches like Islet transplantation and artificial pancreas were developed. By using the pathophysiology of type 2 DM there has been developing of novel medications like glucagon-like peptide 1 analogoues: Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors, inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2. Due to some complications some drugs were removed from the market.