Gut Resistome of Preschool Children after Prolonged Mass Azithromycin Distribution: A Cluster-randomized Trial

Abstract

We evaluated the gut resistome of children from communities treated with 10 twice-yearly azithromycin distributions. Although the macrolide resistance remained higher in the azithromycin arm, the selection of non-macrolide resistance observed at earlier time points did not persist. Longitudinal resistance monitoring should be a critical component of mass distribution programs. Clinical trials registration: NCT02047981