A robust DCT-SVD based video watermarking using zigzag scanning

Abstract

In this paper, a hybrid non-blind video watermarking based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) is proposed. The DCT coefficients of each frame in the host video are reordered in a zigzag fashion and mapped into four blocks. These four blocks represent four frequency bands of low–low (LL), low–high (LH), high–low (HL), and high–high (HH) bands. Later, SVD is individually applied to each block. The singular values in each block are then modified by the singular values of the DCT transformed visual watermark to get watermarked video. This algorithm computes robustness in terms of Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) between original and extracted watermarks from four bands. The proposed algorithm is compared with recent works. and the experimental results confirm that the proposed method is more resilient to attacks and is transparent.