Beta-blocker therapy for cardiac dysfunction in patients with muscular dystrophy

Abstract

Background: In muscular dystrophy, cardiac function deteriorates with time and heart failure is one of the major causes of death. Although the combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and β-blockers improves cardiac function in adults, little is known about the efficacy of those drugs in patients with muscular dystrophy. Methods and Results: The effect of the β-blocker, carvedilol, and/or ACEI on ventricular function in patients with muscular dystrophy was studied. Carvedilol and an ACEI were given to 13 patients (ACEI group; mean age 18 years, range 7-27 years), and an ACEI only to 15 patients (carvedilol group; mean age 15 years, range 8-29 years). Diagnoses included Duchenne muscular dystrophy (n=25), Fukuyama muscular dystrophy (n=2), and Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (n=1). Echocardiographic parameters of the left ventricle were measured during the 2-3 years of follow-up. In the carvedilol group, combination therapy of carvedilol and an ACEI for 2 years resulted in a significant increase in left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS). In the ACEI group, there was no significant change in LVFS. Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension increased in the ACEI group, but not in the carvedilol group. Conclusion: Carvedilol plus an ACEI improves left ventricular systolic function in patients with muscular dystrophy.