Electroweak vacuum stability in classically conformal B- L extension of the standard model

Abstract

We consider the minimal U(1)B-L extension of the standard model (SM) with the classically conformal invariance, where an anomaly-free U(1)B-L gauge symmetry is introduced along with three generations of right-handed neutrinos and a U(1)B-L Higgs field. Because of the classically conformal symmetry, all dimensional parameters are forbidden. The B- L gauge symmetry is radiatively broken through the Coleman–Weinberg mechanism, generating the mass for the U(1) B-L gauge boson (Z′ boson) and the right-handed neutrinos. Through a small negative coupling between the SM Higgs doublet and the B- L Higgs field, the negative mass term for the SM Higgs doublet is generated and the electroweak symmetry is broken. In this model context, we investigate the electroweak vacuum instability problem in the SM. It is well known that in the classically conformal U(1)B-L extension of the SM, the electroweak vacuum remains unstable in the renormalization group analysis at the one-loop level. In this paper, we extend the analysis to the two-loop level, and perform parameter scans. We identify a parameter region which not only solve the vacuum instability problem, but also satisfy the recent ATLAS and CMS bounds from search for Z′ boson resonance at the LHC Run-2. Considering self-energy corrections to the SM Higgs doublet through the right-handed neutrinos and the Z′ boson, we derive the naturalness bound on the model parameters to realize the electroweak scale without fine-tunings.