How the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Developing Countries: the Tunisian Investigation

Abstract

The consequences of COVID-19 vary considerably from country to country and from sector to sector. In this paper, we examine how employment in sectors of Tunisian economy is being affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, we apply the Markov chain approach. This method has the merit to model a system that changes states according to a transition rule that depends only on the current state. We find that the COVID-19 have a negative impact on the employment in industry and in service. Moreover, the agricultural sector benefits most from COVID-19. It is important to plan for economic measures in order to support the resilience of economic establishments, particularly small- and medium-sized enterprises.