Disinhibition, Appetite, and Weight Regulation in Adults

Abstract

Disinhibition (measured by the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire; Stunkard and Messick 1985) is an influential and dynamic eating behavior trait. Its importance in the field of eating behavior is becoming increasingly apparent. The objective of this chapter is to explore the etiology of Disinhibition, and its association with appetite regulation, weight status, and eating disturbances through homeostatic and hedonic processes. In addition, the application of this knowledge to other areas of health will be addressed. More specifically, this will focus on how Disinhibition could be used to identify individuals susceptible to weight gain and disturbed eating behavior, and how management of Disinhibition could be beneficial in both weight loss regimes and in treating eating disorders. Trait Disinhibition is characterized by a readiness to eat or to eat opportunistically, and thus is associated with a higher BMI and obesity. It has been demonstrated that high Disinhibition is predictive of a poorer success at weight loss and is associated with weight regain following weight loss, a low physical activity level, low self esteem, and poor psychological health. In addition, Disinhibition has been implicated in eating disorders and is associated with eating disorder severity. Disinhibition is thus a powerful trait that incorporates both psychological and physiological components which appear to influence an individual’s eating behavior and lifestyle choices.