Perspective: could Ethiopian potatoes contribute to environmental sustainability, the Ethiopian economy, and human health?

Abstract

Environmental data are rapidly accruing on the unsustainability of diets based on animal products, such as dairy and meats. Shifting to alternative sources of protein is inevitable given an increase in the projected global population and protein demand. Left unchecked, a collision between food security and sustainability is imminent. Potatoes could be the strategic food and cash crop to harmonize food security and sustainability worldwide. Recently, there has been a growing interest in extracting proteins from the byproduct of the potato starch industry known as potato fruit juice. These proteins are garnering attention due to their nutritional value, characterized by a well-balanced amino acid profile, as well as their functional properties including emulsifying, foaming, and gelling capabilities. Moreover, these proteins are considered to be less allergenic than some other protein sources. Extracting potato protein, which is sourced as a byproduct, reduces food loss and waste, thereby eliminating pathogenic microorganisms from the environment and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Ethiopia is a major potato producer in East Africa. Potatoes help the country increase household income, ensure food security and revenue generation, and produce starch. However, Ethiopia’s potato starch industry has not yet begun protein extraction, despite the vital role of the proteins and the country’s huge cultivation potential. Furthermore, the global potato protein market is experiencing significant growth. This information urgently calls for innovative approaches to assess the impact of extracting protein from potatoes produced in Ethiopia. Therefore, this perspective article has two main objectives. First, to scan the extent of potato production in Ethiopia in relation to environmental sustainability and the economy. Second, to provide prospects on the impact of extracting protein isolate from potatoes produced in Ethiopia on environmental sustainability, Ethiopia’s economy, and human health.