Noisy, Intermediate-Scale Quantum Computing and Industrial Revolution 4.0

Abstract

The fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) integrates digital, physical and biological systems to create Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) that blur the line between the digital, physical and biological systems. One of the drivers of the 4IR is quantum computing; which harnesses quantum mechanical concepts such as entanglement, superposition and tunneling to perform computation. A full-scale quantum computer has not yet been realized. However, Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers are already in use. In this chapter, we explore NISQ as a disruptive technology of the fourth Industrial Revolution. Furthermore, we discuss the NISQ disruptors together with the applications of the NISQ frameworks. Finally, a novel privacy-preserving quantum machine learning scheme is introduced in this chapter. In essence, the various applications discussed in this chapter show various sectors that are disrupted by NISQ computing. Therefore, the overall objective of this chapter is to provide an exposition to NISQ computing, and demonstrate a link between NISQ computing and the fourth Industrial Revolution.