Estimating population size for Macrotermes gilvus Hagen (Blattodea: Termitidae) in Indonesia

Abstract

Macrotermes gilvus Hagen (Blattodea: Termitidae) is a common mound-building termite species found in South East Asia regions, particularly in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines and Thailand. However, scientific information on their demography and mound construction in Indonesian natural forests had not yet reported. This study aimed to investigate the demography and mound construction of M. gilvus Hagen in Yanlappa forest, which represents low-land natural forest in West Java, Indonesia. Termites mound distribution survey was conducted in strip transect, 50 m width interval, and supported by Global Positioning System. Termites population in each mound was determined after dismantled of the mounds, meanwhile mound construction were observed vertical as well as horizontal section. The mound of M. gilvus was distributed clusterly with density of 5 mound/Ha, density mainly located at elevation 3% - 5%, and under Leaf Area Index of 0-2. We concluded that M. gilvus is primary decomposers and contribute to litter fragmentation and the recycling of nutrient into the soil. Macrotermes gilvus plays an important role as a source of heterogeneity in this ecosystem, particularly in under stresses condition. The density and dynamic of M. gilvus, be taken into account in the global strategy of the forest resources management and conservation.