Luffa operculata effects on the epithelium of the frog palate: Histological features

Abstract

Luffa operculata is the bothanical name of buchinha-donorte or cabacinha, which is a medicinal plant widely used for the treatment of rhinitis and rhinosinusitis. In Europe and USA, it is available in homeopathic medicines. In Brazil, a Luffa operculata dry fruit infusion is inhaled or instilled into the nose releasing profuse mucous secretion, thus relieving nasal symptoms. Nevertheless, this often may cause irritation, epistaxis or anosmia. Study design: Experimental. Material and Method: The effects of Luffa operculata was evaluated in different concentration infusions, in the isolated frog palate preparation, testing 46 palates after immersion. Four groups (n = 10) were tested with the infusion prepared with frog Ringer (isotonic): control; 60 mg/L; 600 mg/L; and 1200 mg/L. An additional group was tested using the infusion with water (600 mg/L H2O, n = 6). Epithelial samples were harvested for to be studied under light microscopy and electron transmission microscopy. Results: In treated palates, light microscopy findings were dose-dependent standard toxical changes. Electron transmission microscopy showed enlargement of intercellular spaces and tight junctions disruption, pointing to ion-fluid transport abnormalities. Conclusions: Luffa operculata infusion in currently used dosis can promote significant structural and ultrastructural changes in the epithelium of this ex vivo model of respiratory mucosa.