Efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stents in elderly patients: A meta-analysis of randomized trials

Abstract

Background: Current guidelines recommend newer generation drug-eluting stents (DES) over bare-metal stents (BMS) in patients with ischemic heart disease. However, there is no age-specific recommendation in elderly patients. Methods: Meta-analysis was performed of 6 randomized studies enrolling 5,042 elderly patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation (DES, n = 2,579; BMS, n = 2,463). Results: Combined data indicated a significant reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) with use of DES (odds ratio [OR] 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.44–0.71, p < 0.001). Moreover, use of DES was associated with a significantly lower incidence of myocardial infarction (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.36–0.81, p = 0.003) and repeat revascularization (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.31–0.62, p < 0.001), was compared to that with the use of BMS. Stent thrombosis and bleeding complication rates were not significantly different between groups. In a subgroup meta-analysis, short duration (1 or 6 months) dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) was associated with a significantly lower MACE rate (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.34–0.80; p = 0.003) in elderly patients who underwent PCI with everolimus-eluting stent implantation, compared with that using long duration DAPT. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides clinically relevant evidence that DES rather than BMS should be selected for elderly patients. (Cardiol J 2021; 28, 2: 223–234).