Carbon sequestration: A comparative analysis

Abstract

Carbon sequestration refers to the provision and safe storage of carbon dioxide that otherwise would be emitted to the atmosphere. The basic idea is the retention, isolation, and final storage of the produced carbon dioxide, utilizing biological, chemical, or mechanical routes. Some methods retain the carbon from the exhaust gas before it is emitted. The retained carbon then can be deposited in underground geological repositories or in the oceans. Additionally, chemical and biological processes can transform carbon into solid products or they can enhance the natural terrestrial cycle. Carbon sequestration can be a useful tool in the minimization of the carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustion and it can be significant in the stabilization of the atmospheric CO2 concentration.