Relações interespecíficas entre parasitoides nativos de moscas-das-frutas e o braconídeo exótico diachasmimorpha longicaudata em frutos de 'umbu-cajá'

Abstract

Wasps parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) biological control important agents. This study aimed to know the effects of the release and interspecific competitive relationships of the exotic parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on the native parasitoid complex of fruit flies in Spondias spp. in the region of Recôncavo Baiano.From April to July of 2006, 8.955 fruits (192.93kg) were collected before and after (24 and 48 hours) release of 9.600 females of D. longicaudata. Exactly 8.724 Tephritidae pupae were obtained, of which 3.963 Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) adults and 1.115 parasitoids of Braconidae family emerged. Three species of opiinae were identified before releasing. The higher relative frequency was of Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti), followed by Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) and Utetes anastrephae (Viereck). 24 and 48 hours after release the exotic parasitoid D. longicaudata on the field, the parasitism rate increased from 15.86% to 20.42% and 45.19%, respectively. It was found that the release of exotic species D. longicaudata has no negative effects on the occurrence of native parasitoids and helps to complement the natural biological control of A. obliqua in fruits of 'umbu-cajá' conditions of this study.