Background: Torticollis is a common neck deformity in both newborn and older children. The various causes of the abnormal posturing of the head differ in severity, long-term consequences and their treatment. Methods: This article gives an overview of the differential diagnoses of torticollis in children and current literature, and provides insight into our diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm. Results: A distinction is drawn between congenital and acquired deformities and whether or not they are painful. Most commonly, children present with a congenital muscular torticollis, which has an estimated incidence of 0.3 to 1.9%. The main differential diagnosis of congenital muscular torticollis is Klippel-Feil syndrome. Acquired torticollis often has more severe causes and always needs a thorough diagnostic clarification. Conclusion: The knowledge of possible causes and their treatment is essential to provide adequate care for affected children and their families and to prevent long-term consequences.
CITATION STYLE
Götze, M., & Hagmann, S. (2019, June 1). Torticollis in children. Orthopade. Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-019-03740-7
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