Pengaruh Komposisi Arang Sekam Padi dan Arang Kulit Biji Jarak Pagar Terhadap Mutu Briket Arang

Abstract

Briquette is a fuel derived from biomass. Biomass used in this study were rice husks and Jatropha seed husks. Adhesives are materials which are used to provide adhesion to the briquettes. Adhesives used was 5% of the weight of charcoal. Briquettes are made from jatropha seed husks is higher in density and compressing strength, but lower in the water content, carbon and calorific value. While briquettes made from rice husk has a high calorific value and flammable, but lower in density and compressing strength. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of different composition levels of rice husk and jatropha seeds husks to briquettes quality according to Indonesian National Standard SNI 01-6235-2000 for briquettes. The design used was Completely Randomized Design (RCD), with 4 treatments and 3 replications. In this study, the composition of jatropha seeds husks and rice husk were as follow: 30%: 70%; 25%: 75%; 20%: 80%; and 15%: 85%. Each product was then analyzed chemically and physically. Data were analyzed using the F test followed by a test of Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) on the significant level of 5%. The results of this study indicated that the composition of the material for briquettes were significantly effect on moisture content, ash content, heating value, volatile matter, fixed carbon, density and compressive strength as well as the combustion rate. The average value of ash content, heating value quality, volatile matter and the density of the wood yet meet the SNI 01-6235-2000 for briquette. While the average value of moisture content, fixed carbon, compressing strength meet SNI 01-6235-2000 standard for briquettes. The results showed that the best briquette was the composition treatment of 30%: 70% (30% of jatropha seed husks: 70% of rice husks) with a calorific value of 3906.27 cal/g.