Delay in diagnosis in children with visceral leishmaniasis: A single-center experience

Abstract

Objective: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a systemic disease characterized with irregular fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia. Because VL is difficult to detect, misdiagnosis is common and treatment is often inappropriate and delayed. The aim of this article defines the reasons that cause a delay in diagnosis of the disease in Western Anatolia, where VL is endemic. We hope this article helps clinicians to improve their knowledge about the diagnosis of VL and to consider of the disease better. Material and Methods: The clinical and laboratory data records of 15 patients with VL who had been diagnosed and followed up in our hospital from August 2005 to December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory features of the patients were recorded. Results: Thirteen patients were from Western Anatolia, which is the most endemic region of Turkey. The most common complaints were pallor and fever. All patients had hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, and cytopenia. The symptoms of the patients had begun 5-180 days before admission. Conclusion: We concluded that VL should be considered in patients with prolonged fever, pallor, hepatosplenomegaly, and cytopenia and those who live in an endemic region. Education for general practitioners and pediatricians is necessary, and these educational efforts may reduce the delay in diagnosis.