Anticoagulación en enfermedad tromboembólica venosa

Abstract

Venous thromboembolic disease includes deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, which are common diseases with high morbidity and mortality. The treatment is based mainly on anticoagulant therapy, with different options depending on clinic context and patient stability (oral vs parenteral therapy). Objective: To review evidence based medical information regarding the use of anticoagulant therapy in venous thromboembolism. Methods: We performed a systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar and Scielo databases, of randomized controlled studies and meta-analysis evaluating anticoagulant therapy in patients with thromboembolic venous disease. Results: Except for tromboembolic disease in patients with cancer or chronic kidney disease anticoagulation with direct (new) oral agents led to less bleeding episodes and lower relapse rate. Conclusion: anticoagulant therapy is the basis of treatment for thromboembolic disease, decreasing morbidity and mortality. New oral anticoagulants' are associated to better clinical results, notwithstanding a slight increase in bleeding episodes.