The Economics of N-of-1 Trials

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the rationale, challenges and methodological considerations for evaluating the economics of N-of-1 trials. First, we outline the rationale for undertaking an economic evaluation alongside an N-of-1 trial, by describing two key economic questions that are likely to be of interest to researchers, policy makers and clinicians. Then we outline the methods for undertaking an economic evaluation, highlighting some methodological aspects that are of particular relevance for the economics of N-of-1 trials as opposed to more traditional clinical trials. Finally, we acknowledge that the economic evaluation of N-of-1 trials is still in its infancy. We reflect on the research agenda to further develop the potential for N-of-1 trials to inform optimal decision-making around treatment and the appropriate allocation of health care resources.